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Change in Religion - Key terms
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Old 16-10-2005
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Change in Religion - Key terms


Key terms:

Collective conscience
The collective sentiments or ideas that give the social group or society its unity and uniqueness.


Sacred/profane
The distinction between people (profane) and society (sacred). The idea that when people worship the sacred they worship society.


Salvation Panic
Not knowing if you are among the ‘saved’.


Universe of meaning
Religion provides the true and objective way of seeing the world.


Cosmology
In an effort to explain mysterious or awesome things and give then meaning, humans place them in a category that Berger calls a cosmology.


Theodicy
The justice of god. In western societies the theodicy has to reconcile apparently contradictory beliefs, the belief in a benelovent and omnipotent god with the existence of a world full of evil and suffering.


Rationality
The rejection of all claims to knowledge other than the scientific.


The Institutional approach
Focuses on the church, church attendance, etc.


The Societal approach
The role and impact of religion on society and the individual.


Disengagement
The detaching of religion from wider society - its loss of wealth, prestige and power.


Religious pluralism
The co-existence of many faiths and varieties of faith in one society.


Transformation
The argument that religious belief has become transformed into Secular guides for action.


Generalisation
Religious values have become generalised because social values are grounded in Christian principles.


De-sacrilisation
The idea that the sacred has little or no place in contemporary western society.




Key names:
Durkheim
The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (1924).


Weber
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, (first published in English, 1930).


Marx
Religion as ‘opium’ a conservative force.


Lenin
Religion as ‘spiritual gin’.


Maduro (1982)
‘Relative autonomy’ of religion.


Thompson (1986)
The ‘it depends’ approach.


Huxley (1965)
Religion and science incompatible.


Berger and Luckmann
The Social Construction of Reality. Claim that a Sociology of knowledge is impossible without a sociology of religion, and vice versa.


Wilson (1966)
Religion in a Secular Society.


Wilson (1977)
‘How Religious are We?’ Points out how, except for the occasional ancient ceremony, such as a coronation, the church has ceased to preside over national life.


Luckmann (1967)
The Invisible Religion.


Lyon (1985)
The incompatibility of rational or 'scientific'.


Shiner (1967)
Six different versions of secularization used by sociologists in empirical work.


Glasner (l977)
The Sociology of Secularisation. Three levels of analysis.


Bruce (l992)
The processes of cultural defence and cultural transmission.


Berger, Berger and Kellner
‘The Homeless Mind’. The idea of the Secularisation of consciousness - the interpretation of the world without reference to religion.


Bruce (1995)
Decline in attendance. According to Bruce the high point for British Churches was between 1860 and 1910.


Bradley, Religious Revival (1987)
Argues that religious programmes are watched or listened to by nearly 60% of the population.


Stark and Bainbridge
Secularisation is a self-limiting process because it always generates religious revival.


Hersberg (1955)
‘Protestant. Catholic, Jew’. Claims that the church in the USA has become obsessed with secular concerns.


Bellah (l976)
‘New Religious Consciousness and the Crisis in Modernity’. Religion is now an activity indulged in at the individual level.


Yaad Kuch Aata Nahin, Yeh Hua Kab Se...Ho Gaya Mushkil Chhupaana Raaz Yeh Sab Se...Tum Kaho To Maang Loon Main Aaj Kuch Rab Se Rabba mere rabba rabba, rabba mere rabba,Is pyaar ko main kya naam doon Roshni se bhare bhare..Bhare bhare naina tere..Chhooke bole na chhoona mujhe Suraj hua maddham, chaand jalne laga..Aasmaan yeh haai kyoon pighalne laga..Main thehra raha, zameen chalne lagi.. Bheeghi Bheeghi Raaton Mein, Phir Tum Aao Na...Asi Barsaton Mein Aao Na.. Humko Humise Chura Lo, Dil Mein Kahin Tum Chhupa Lo,Hum Akele Kho Naa Jaaye, Door Tumse Ho Naa Jaaye,Paas Aao Gale Se Lagaa Lo Toota Toota ek parinda...Jo bhi kaal hua kal bhi phir aayaga Hai...Tumse milke dil ka hai jo haal kya kahe..Ho gaya hai kaisa yeh kamaal kya kahe Ruka Ja, Oh Jaana Wali Ruka Ja...Nazara Mein To Tera Bhura Sa Sahi..Adami Mein Bhura Nahi Dil Ka Aja Re, Aja Re Oh Mere Dilbar Aja..Dil Ki Pyaas Buja Ja Re...Oh Noorie kabhie kabhie mere dil mein khayaal aata hai...ke jaise tujh ko banaya gaya hai mere liye..ke jaise tujh ko banaya gaya haiKitna bechain hoke tumse mila...Tumko kya tha khabar tha main kitna akela ..Ke kitna mohabbat hai tumse...Hai...Tumse milke dil ka hai jo haal kya kahe..Ho gaya hai kaisa yeh kamaal kya kaheTujhe dekha to yeh jaana sanam..Pyaar hota hai deewana sanam..Tujhe dekha to yeh jaana sanam.Tujhe dekha to yeh jaana sanam..Pyaar hota hai deewana sanam.Ab ahan se kahan jaaye hum..Teri bahon mein mar jaaye hum Aksar is duniya mein anjaane milte hain,Anjaani raahon mein milke kho jaate hain,Lekin hamesha voh yaad aate hain Na kajre ki dhaar, na motiyon ke haar,Na koi kiya singaar phir bhi kitni sundar ho,Tum kitni sundar ho Na jaane mere dil ko kya ho gaya..Abhi to yahin tha, abhi kho gaya..Ho gaya hai tujhko to pyaar sajna..Lakh kar le tu inkaar sajna..Dildaar sajna, hai yeh pyaar sajna



Dil Dooba Dil Dooba...Neela Akho Mein Yeh Dil Dooba.. Neela Neela Amber Per Chand Jab Aye...Aisa Koi Saathi Ho ..Aisa Koi Premi Hoi Jaanam Dekh Lo Mit Gayeen Dooriyaan..Main Yahaan Hoon Yahaan Hoon..Yahaan Hoon..Yahaan...Kaisi Sarhadein...Kaisi Majbooriyaan..Main Yahaan Hoon Yahaan Hoon..Yahaan Hoon..Yahaan...Tum Chhupaa Na Sakogi Main Vo Raaz Hoon...Tum Bhulaa Na Sakogi Vo Andaaz Hoon...Goonjtaa Hoon Jo Dil Mein To Hairaan Ho Kyon...Main Tumhaare Hi Dil Ki To Aavaaz Hoon...Main Yahaan Hoon Yahaan Hoon..Yahaan Hoon..Yahaan... Aisa muhje tu na dehka na...seeena se laga loonga, tum ko tumse chura loonga...dil mein chupa loonga Gila Gila Dil Gila.. Mila mila mila koi mila ...Teri Ha Adaar Laga sab se judaa hai dil tuje per fida hai... Dhoom Dhoom let ya body do the talking..Dhoom Dhoom be the fire thats buring..Dhoom machaalay dhoom machaalay dhoom Tere Liye Hum Hai Jiye..Hota ke siya...Dil mein Magar chalte reha chaahat ke Diya... Zara zara bahekta hai, mahekta hai,Aaj to mera tan badan, main pyaasi hoon,Mujhe bhar le apni baahon mein Dheera dheera se mera zindagi mein ana...tumsi pyar huma hai kitna jaana jaana Pyar ke isa khel mein..do dil aur mehl mein, tera peecha na chodunga soniya Mera mehboob sanam, tera ashiq hogaya hum...milaka nazaaro se nazaar tera pyaar mein kogaya hum... Wada Raha Pyar Se Pyar Ka, Hum Na Hoga Juda, Dil Ke Dhadkhan Sunrha Hai Mera Khudda Dheera Dheera Se Mera Zindagi Mein Ana...Tumsi Pyar Huma Hai Kitna Jaana JaanaSaamne hain raastein, hum guzar jaaye...Ya kisi ke vaaste hum thaher jaaye...Ab yahan tak aa gaye hain, ab kidhar jaaye...Jaaduuuuuuu teri nazar...Kushboo tera baadan..tu har kar, ya nah kar...Kali nagin ke jaise..Zulfe teri kali kali..Sagar ko moti aur..Suraj ko tu dati hai lali..Kali nagin ke jaise..Zulfe teri kali kaliYeh din yeh mahine saal guzar jaayenge mere yaar..Magar itna rakhna khayaal..Jeena sirf mere liye, jeena sirf mere liye..Kasam se jeena sirf mere liye, jeena sirf mere liye Banno ki saheli resham ki dori..Chhup chhupke sharmaaye dekhe chori chori..Yeh maane ya na maane main to ispe mar gaya..Yeh ladki haai allah, haai haai re allah Tum paas aaye, yun muskuraaye,Tumne na jaane kya sapne dikhaaye,Tum paas aaye, yun muskuraaye,Tumne na jaane kya sapne dikhaaye,Ab to mera dil jaage na sota hai,Kya karoon haaye, kuch kuch hota hai
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